Basic and Clinical Sciences (BCSE) Practice Exam

What is the first step in the CABCDE approach during a primary survey?

1. Assure airway maintenance

2. Control catastrophic bleeding

3. Assess circulation

4. Evaluate disability

The correct answer is: Control catastrophic bleeding

In the CABCDE approach used during a primary survey in trauma care, the first step focuses on controlling catastrophic bleeding. This prioritization is essential because uncontrolled hemorrhage is a leading cause of preventable death in trauma patients. Immediate control of bleeding can significantly impact the patient’s survival chances, making it vital to identify and manage severe bleeding as soon as possible. Following the initial step of addressing bleeding, subsequent actions would then involve ensuring the airway is clear, assessing circulation (including checking pulse and capillary refill), evaluating disability (an assessment of neurological status), and finally exposing the patient for a thorough examination while preventing hypothermia. Each step in the CABCDE approach builds on the others, but controlling catastrophic bleeding is prioritized due to its potential for rapid deterioration in a patient's condition.